Why are India and Pakistan on the brink of war? This is the entire purpose of the battle in Kashmir.

New Delhi – Deadly terrorist attack In April, India and Pakistan are brought to the picturesque Pahargam region of Kashmir under management The Edge of War. Nuclear-armed South Asian neighbors attacked each other with missiles and drones this week, and a decades-old dispute broke out, which attracted attention from leaders around the world.

Bitter rivals have fought three wars in Kashmir in the past, and they have once again warned each other about any move to raise tensions and vowed to make efforts to any such action with tough military action.

After a week of fierce clashes, authorities asked people to stay indoors in several Indian cities near the Pakistan border on Friday. Officials said a woman was killed in an alleged Pakistani cross-border fire in the Kashmir town of Uri, and four men were injured, while all major airports and capital Delhi were on high alert, with some schools closed and evacuated major landmarks.

Pakistani officials accused India of killing at least 36 people this week, 26 of whom said they died at multiple sites that died in a missile strike on Tuesday night. Islamabad marked “acts of war”“India said the strike had a measured response to the April terrorist attack, claiming it killed 100 terrorists in camps and other locations in Pakistan and Kashmiris in Pakistan.

The competition between the two countries can be traced back to decades, and the core of the dispute is the amazing mountainous areas of Kashmir.

The Kashmir conflict explains

Kashmir is a Himalayan region covered with snowy mountains, pristine lakes and beautiful meadows. Before India gained independence from British rule in August 1947, it was previously one of India's many “princes” in India.

However, this independence has never been an easy task. When it ceded its colonial power, Britain divided India into two countries: the Indian majority and the Pakistani Muslim majority.

Hindus migrated from newly carved Pakistan to India, and Muslims migrated from India to Pakistan, damaged by the Holocaust and extensive sectarian violence. It is widely regarded as the deadliest partition of a country in contemporary history.

When partitioning, Kashmir was a Muslim-majority prince country whose Hindu Maharaja Hari Singh chose to be independent of the two newly defined countries. But in October 1947, when tribal members from Pakistan invaded Kashmir, the Grand Duke sought help from India.

India agreed to assist him, but only if Singh allowed India to claim rule over Kashmir. The Grand Duke agreed.

India sent its army to Kashmir, which expelled members of the Pakistani tribe, and for various intentions and purposes Kashmir became a semi-autonomous part of India.

War between India and Pakistan in Kashmir

Pakistan refused to acknowledge Kashmir's entry into India, deeming it as fraud. The deadlock led both countries to the first war of the same year and lasted until 1948.

India calls for UN intervention. The United Nations recommends that after the entire demilitarization of the region by the two major armies, Kashmir residents will vote to determine its future.

This goal has never been achieved, and in 1949, India and Pakistan signed a ceasefire agreement to divide the fierce Kashmir into two parts.

Both countries claim that all Kashmir is their own territory, but each country can only control a portion of it. Another one in the northeast of the region is managed by China, which has been a friction between Delhi and Beijing.

In 1965, tensions between India and Pakistan broke out again into a full-scale war. Thousands of people on both sides were killed. About seven years later, an agreement was signed that formally established the Line of Control (LOC) in Kashmir, which remains the de facto boundary between the two competitors.

In 1989, an armed independence rebellion was rooted in Indian-managed Kashmir and launched a deadly attack on Indian troops. India has long accused Pakistan of being trained to arm and support these militants – a charge that Pakistan has denied uniformly.

Thirty years of rebellion killed thousands of people.

Pakistan has been denied accusations that it supports Kashmir separatists.

In 1999, the two countries fought another brief war, fighting along the LOC in northern Kashmir.

After the deadly horror, they almost waged war again Attack Mumbai, India's commercial capital In 2008, a militant group managed by Pakistan conducted with Kashmir Indian authorities accusedall support from Pakistan's security forces.

India deletes Kashmir's autonomy in 2019

As the rebellion continued, India maintained a large military image in Kashmir, making it one of the most military regions in the world. Indian troops kill hundreds of separatists every year in conventional gun battles around LOC and around them, but they have not yet managed to stop the attacks of militants.

In 2016, India said Pakistan-based gunmen killed 19 Indian soldiers in the attack on the town of Uri. India's response was to launch a so-called “surgical strike” on the LOC, targeting suspected armed bases. Pakistan denies India's strike on its territory.

In 2019, Another attack Blaming the alleged Pakistani gunman, who killed more than 40 paramilitary forces in an Indian army in the Pulwama region of Kashmir.

Prime Minister Narendra Modi, angry at the attack, ordered Air strike Against Pakistan, a retaliatory attack and an air battle were triggered, in which one of the Indian fighters was shot down.

Later that year, the federal government of India was under Modi's leadership Revoked Kashmir's special identitySince 1947, part of its autonomy has been abolished, which grants the region its own constitutional and main decision-making power.

Modi's government faces criticism for revoking Kashmir's autonomy. The day before his government proposed and passed the parliamentary bill, Indian troops launched a major crackdown in Kashmir. Internet, TV and telephone lines were closed and civilians were ordered to stay indoors. When India brought more paramilitary forces into the area to maintain security and information blockade, dozens of people, including local politicians, were arrested. Some of these restrictions remained for more than two years.

Pakistan opposes the move and vows to “exercise all possible options to oppose illegal steps”.

In the following years, tourism returned to Kashmir as India continued to strengthen its security operations in the region and its armed forces were reduced. Modi's government has been praised for its transformation of the region from a hot spot of terrorism to a hot spot of tourism.

But last month's terrorist attack on Indian tourists at Pahargam changed everything. It once again puts the two countries on the ground of war – the risk of another major conflict that has already occurred and between two countries with a history of hatred and nuclear weapons.